Natural mosquito control: Vitex negundo and Argemone mexicana as larvicidal agents against Anopheles subpictus

Mosquitoes are notorious vectors of severe diseases, posing significant threats to human health. Although pesticides commonly used for mosquito control, their indiscriminate application can harm the environment and non-target organisms. Consequently, alternative strategies, such as plant-based mosquitocides, gaining interest. This study evaluated larvicidal efficacy methanolic leaf extracts from Vitex negundo Argemone mexicana against fourth instar larvae Anopheles subpictus. The were analyzed phytochemical compositions. Larvicidal bioassay showed concentration-dependent activity both An. V. extract exhibited 86.36% mortality at 400 ppm, while A. 83.33% same concentration. Probit analysis determined LC50 LC90 values 217.06 ppm 404.32 respectively, 224.45 420.34 respectively. These findings suggest potential natural agents